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Safety and Immunogenicity of a Live Attenuated Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Candidate in Flavivirus-Naive Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Phase 1 Clinical Trial.

2015 Oct 01

Journal Article

Authors:

George, S.L.

Wong, M.A.

Dube, T.J.T.

Boroughs, K.L.

Stovall, J.L.

Luy, B.E.

Haller, A.A.

Osorio, J.E.

Eggemeyer, L.M.

Irby-Moore, S.

Frey, S.E.

Huang, C.Y.H.

Stinchcomb, D.T.

Secondary:
J Infect Dis

Volume:
212

Pagination:
1032-41

Issue:
7

PMID:
25791116

DOI:
10.1093/infdis/jiv179

Keywords:
Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Dengue; Dengue Vaccines; Dengue Virus; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; safety; Vaccination; Vaccines, Attenuated; Viremia; Young Adult

Abstract:
<p>BACKGROUND: Dengue viruses (DENVs) infect >300 million people annually, causing 96 million cases of dengue disease and 22 000 deaths [1]. A safe vaccine that protects against DENV disease is a global health priority [2].METHODS: We enrolled 72 flavivirus-naive healthy adults in a phase 1 double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled dose-escalation trial (low and high dose) of a live attenuated recombinant tetravalent dengue vaccine candidate (TDV) given in 2 doses 90 days apart. Volunteers were followed for safety, vaccine component viremia, and development of neutralizing antibodies to the 4 DENV serotypes.RESULTS: The majority of adverse events were mild, with no vaccine-related serious adverse events. Vaccinees reported injection site pain (52% vs 17%) and erythema (73% vs 25%) more frequently than placebo recipients. Low levels of TDV-serotype 2 (TDV-2), TDV-3, and TDV-4 viremia were observed after the first but not second administration of vaccine. Overall seroconversion rates and geometric mean neutralization titers after 2 doses were 84.2% and 54.1, respectively, for DENV serotype 1 (DENV-1); 92.1% and 292.8, respectively, for DENV-2; 86.8% and 32.3, respectively, for DENV-3; and 71.1% and 15.0, respectively, for DENV-4. More than 90.0% of high-dose recipients had trivalent or broader responses.CONCLUSIONS: TDV was generally well tolerated, induced trivalent or broader neutralizing antibodies to DENV in most flavivirus-naive vaccinees, and is undergoing further development.CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT01110551.</p>

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